What is the biological origin of MOTS-C?

MOTS-C (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a peptide encoded by the mitochondrial genome — specifically the 12S ribosomal RNA gene — making it a member of the mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) family. It is studied as an endogenous regulator of metabolic homeostasis.

What signaling pathways is MOTS-C studied for in laboratory models?

MOTS-C has been investigated for AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) activation, GLUT4 translocation, folate-methionine cycle modulation, and mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde gene expression regulation in metabolic cell line and primary cell models.

What are the recommended storage conditions for laboratory use?

Store lyophilized at −20°C for long-term stability. If stored at 2–8°C, use within a short timeframe consistent with stability data. Protect from light, moisture, and temperature fluctuation. Consult the batch COA for confirmed parameters.

Is MOTS-C for any use outside of laboratory research?

No. MOTS-C is supplied exclusively for in-vitro laboratory and scientific research by qualified professionals. It is not intended for human consumption, self-administration, veterinary use, or clinical application of any kind.

≥99% Purity · COA

Research-Grade Compound · RUO

MOTS-c Research Peptide

Mitochondria-encoded peptide (humanin superfamily) studied for AMPK-mediated metabolic gene regulation and insulin signaling pathway modulation in cellular models

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10 mgUSD · Research Grade

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99.77% Purity

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Identity Confirmed (LC-MS) · Fentanyl Screened — Negative

Freedom Diagnostics Testing · Tested 2026-07-08

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Lyophilized, filled and sealed in our U.S. facility from globally sourced peptide. Independently third-party tested, with batch-specific COAs on file.

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⚗ Research Use Only. Not for human consumption.

Scientific Context

Research Applications

01
Mitochondrial biology researchers investigating retrograde mitochondria-to-nucleus signaling and metabolic stress response in primary cell and cell line models
02
Endocrinology laboratories studying AMPK activation dynamics, glucose transporter expression, and insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation in in-vitro systems
03
Geroscience scientists examining mitochondria-derived peptides as tools for aging-related metabolic pathway research

Observed Mechanisms

In-Vitro Activity Profile

01

AMPK Pathway Activation

MOTS-C has been documented in vitro to activate AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, influencing GLUT4 translocation and fatty acid oxidation gene expression.

02

Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling

As a mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP), MOTS-C has been studied as a mediator of retrograde signaling from mitochondria to the nucleus, influencing nuclear gene expression programs in metabolic tissues.

03

Insulin Sensitization Pathways

Preclinical cell models have examined MOTS-C's association with insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) phosphorylation and Akt signaling, providing a research tool for insulin resistance pathway investigation.

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